The presence of growth factors and extracellular matrix proteins during wound healing of the tail and limb is introduced. The importance of the nervous system in stimulating tail regeneration in lizards is emphasized. In fact the experimental induction of a strong inflammation in the tail also leads to scarring. The comparison stresses the scarse to absent inflammatory reaction present in the tail vs the massive inflammatory response in the limb leading to scarring. The histological and ultrastructural processess occuring during blastema formation and tail regeneration and during limb cicatrization are presented. The formation of the tail in the embryo and the possible accumulation of stem cells in autotomous planes of the tail are discussed. The review begins with some evolutive considerations on the origin of tail regeneration in comparison to the failure of limb regeneration, a unique case among amniotes. These reptiles are considered as a model to understand the process of tissue regeneration in all amniotes. Deals with the analysis of the cytological processess occurring during tissue regeneration in the tail and limb of lizards.
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